5.1 Collocations & Word Choice

Apa Itu Collocation?

• Collocation = perkataan yang selalu berpasangan secara semula jadi 🤝
• "heavy rain" ✅ (bukan "strong rain") — walaupun makna sama 🌧️
• Native tak fikir peraturan; mereka "dengar" apa yang betul 👂
• Eh, tahu tak? Collocation salah jarang mengubah makna, tapi ia serta-merta bunyi 'pelik' kepada penutur natif — dan pemeriksa perasan!
• Belajar perkataan secara berkumpulan, bukan satu-satu 📚

Make vs Do — Musuh Ketat Pelajar

• MAKE (hasil/cipta)

  • make a decision
  • make a mistake
  • make progress
  • make noise
  • make friends

  DO (tugas/aktiviti)

  • do homework
  • do the dishes
  • do exercise
  • do your best
  • do a favour
• Silap klasik: "do a mistake" ❌ → "make a mistake" ✅
• Silap klasik: "make your homework" ❌ → "do your homework" ✅
• "MAKE" bila sesuatu terhasil / tercipta 🏗️
• "DO" bila merujuk tugasan / kerja am 🧹

Cara ingat: MAKE = 'cipta sesuatu baru' (a cake, a plan, a decision). DO = 'buat kerja/tugas' (homework, dishes). 🎂

Collocation Biasa Ikut Kata Kerja

• take

  take a break, take a photo, take medicine, take notes

  have

  have breakfast, have fun, have a shower, have a rest

  pay

  pay attention, pay a visit, pay a compliment

  catch

  catch a cold, catch a bus, catch fire

  keep

  keep a promise, keep calm, keep a secret

• Adjektif + noun: "fast food", "strong coffee", "bright future" ☕
• Adverb + adjektif: "highly recommended", "deeply sorry" 💯
• Hafal frasa penuh, bukan perkataan tunggal, untuk karangan lancar ✍️

Tip Power! Bila belajar perkataan baru, catat perkataan yang selalu bersamanya. Contoh: "attention" → "pay attention". Simpan berpasangan!