Nota penuh: 3.1 Simple Present & Subject-Verb Agreement
Semua nota subtopik ini dalam satu halaman — sesuai untuk ulang kaji pantas.
Apa itu Simple Present?
- Simple present untuk perkara yang berlaku SELALU atau fakta 🔁
- Contoh: *"I play football every day."* / *"The sun rises in the east."* ☀️
- Kebiasaan
- I brush my teeth every morning.
- Fakta
- Water boils at 100°C.
- Jadual
- The bus leaves at 7 a.m.
- Kata kunci: every day, always, usually, often, sometimes ⏰
- *"They go to school by bus."* — kebiasaan harian 🚌
Tip Power! Nampak "every day", "always" atau "usually"? Itu isyarat kuat guna simple present!
Subject-Verb Agreement (rahsia -s)
- Peraturan emas: he, she, it (atau satu orang/benda) → verb tambah -s ✨
I / you / we / they
- verb BIASA (no -s)
- I run. You eat. They play.
he / she / it
- verb + s
- He runs. She eats. It plays.
- Silap klasik: *"She go to school"* ❌ → *"She goes to school"* ✅
- Silap klasik: *"He play football"* ❌ → *"He plays football"* ✅
- Bila verb tambah -es: Verb tamat -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -oTambah -esgo → goes, watch → watches, do → does
- Eh, tahu tak? Verb tamat konsonan + y jadi -ies untuk he/she/it: "study → studies", "cry → cries", "carry → carries". Sama macam peraturan plural noun!
Cara ingat: Ingat 'HE-SHE-IT tambah S'! Satu orang lain (he/she/it) = verb pakai -s. Kau, kita, mereka (you/we/they) = verb kosong.
Negative & Questions
- Ayat negatif guna do not / does not (don't / doesn't) 🚫
I / you / we / they
- don't
- I don't like durian.
he / she / it
- doesn't
- She doesn't eat meat.
- Selepas does/doesn't, verb balik BIASA (buang -s): *"She doesn't go"* ✅ bukan *"goes"*
- Soalan: mula dengan Do / Does: *"Does he play?"* / *"Do they sing?"* ❓
- Eh, tahu tak? Bila ada "does" atau "doesn't", verb utama TAK payah tambah -s lagi — sebab "does" dah bawa -s tu! "She doesn't goes" salah; betulnya "She doesn't go".
Tip Power! Silap klasik: "Does she plays?" ❌. "Does" dah pegang -s, jadi verb balik biasa → "Does she play?" ✅